Search results for " HIV infection"

showing 10 items of 46 documents

Efficacy and safety of human papillomavirus vaccination in HIV-infected patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021

AbstractThe prophylactic vaccines available to protect against infections by HPV are well tolerated and highly immunogenic. People with HIV have a higher risk of developing HPV infection and HPV-associated cancers due to a lower immune response, and due to viral interactions. We performed a systematic review of RCTs to assess HPV vaccines efficacy and safety on HIV-infected people compared to placebo or no intervention in terms of seroconversion, infections, neoplasms, adverse events, CD4+ T-cell count and HIV viral load. The vaccine-group showed a seroconversion rate close to 100% for each vaccine and a significantly higher level of antibodies against HPV vaccine types, as compared to the …

0301 basic medicineCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesMaleDisease preventionHIV InfectionsAdolescent Adult Antibodies Viral CD4 Lymphocyte Count CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes Female HIV Infections Humans Male Papillomavirus Infections Papillomavirus Vaccines Public Health Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Risk Treatment Outcome Viral Load Virus Shedding Young Adult Patient SafetySettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataAntibodies Viral0302 clinical medicine030212 general & internal medicineViralRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicPublic healthMultidisciplinaryQHPV infectionRViral LoadAdolescent; Adult; Antibodies Viral; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Papillomavirus Infections; Papillomavirus Vaccines; Public Health; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Risk; Treatment Outcome; Viral Load; Virus Shedding; Young Adult; Patient SafetyVirus SheddingTreatment OutcomeMedicineFemalePublic HealthPatient SafetyViral loadAdultRiskmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentScienceHPV vaccinesPlaceboAntibodiesArticle03 medical and health sciencesPapillomavirus VaccinesYoung AdultInternal medicinemedicineHumansPapillomavirus VaccinesSeroconversionViral sheddingAdverse effectbusiness.industryPapillomavirus InfectionsHealth caremedicine.diseaseCD4 Lymphocyte Count030104 developmental biologybusinessScientific Reports
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Switching to dual/monotherapy determines an increase in CD8+ in HIV-infected individuals: An observational cohort study

2018

Background The CD4/CD8 ratio has been associated with the risk of AIDS and non-AIDS events. We describe trends in immunological parameters in people who underwent a switch to monotherapy or dual therapy, compared to a control group remaining on triple antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods We included patients in Icona who started a three-drug combination ART regimen from an ART-naïve status and achieved a viral load ≤ 50 copies/mL; they were subsequently switched to another triple or to a mono or double regimen. Standard linear regression at fixed points in time (12-24 months after the switch) and linear mixed model analysis with random intercepts and slopes were used to compare CD4 and CD8…

0301 basic medicineMaleCD4-CD8 Ratiolcsh:MedicineHIV InfectionsCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesCD4/CD8 ratio; CD8; Chronic inflammation; Dual therapy; Monotherapy; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; CD4-CD8 Ratio; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cohort Studies; Emtricitabine; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Tenofovir; Medicine (all)Cohort Studies0302 clinical medicineEmtricitabineHIV Infection030212 general & internal medicineMedicine (all)General MedicineChronic inflammationCD4/CD8 ratio; CD8; Chronic inflammation; Dual therapy; Monotherapy; Medicine (all)Middle AgedSettore MED/07 - Microbiologia e Microbiologia ClinicaReverse Transcriptase InhibitorReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsFemalecd4/cd8 ratio; cd8; chronic inflammation; dual therapy; monotherapy; medicine (all)Research Articlemedicine.drugCohort studyHumanAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyDual therapyCD4/CD8 ratio; CD8; Chronic inflammation; Dual therapy; Monotherapy; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; CD4-CD8 Ratio; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cohort Studies; Emtricitabine; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; TenofovirAnti-HIV Agents030106 microbiologyCD4-CD8 RatioEmtricitabineSettore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVENO03 medical and health sciencesCD4/CD8 ratioInternal medicineLinear regressionmedicineHumansDual therapyTenofovirbusiness.industrylcsh:RAnti-HIV AgentCD8CD8-Positive T-LymphocyteMonotherapyConfidence intervalRegimenCD4/CD8 ratio; CD8; Chronic inflammation; Dual therapy; MonotherapyCD8; CD4/CD8 ratio; Chronic inflammation; Monotherapy; Dual therapyCohort StudiebusinessCD8
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Efficacy and tolerability of switching to a dual therapy with darunavir/ritonavir plus raltegravir in HIV-infected patients with HIV-1 RNA ≤50 cp/…

2017

Background: Nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) toxicity may represent a threat for long-term success of combined antiretroviral therapy. Some studies have suggested a possible improvement of NRTI-related toxicity after switching to NRTI-sparing regimens. Objectives: We aimed to explore the efficacy and tolerability of switching to darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r) plus raltegravir (RAL) while having a viral load (VL) ≤50 copies/mL in the clinical setting. Study design: Treatment-experienced HIV 1-infected patients enrolled in the ICONA Foundation Study cohort were included if they switched their current regimen to DRV/r + RAL with a HIV-RNA ≤50 copies/mL. Different defin…

0301 basic medicineMaleHIV InfectionsAntiretroviral therapy; Darunavir/ritonavir; Efficacy; NRTI-sparing regimen; Raltegravir; Tolerability; Microbiology (medical); Infectious DiseasesAntiretroviral therapy; Darunavir/ritonavir; Efficacy; NRTI-sparing regimen; Raltegravir; Tolerability; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; Cohort Studies; Darunavir; Drug Therapy Combination; Female; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Humans; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; RNA Viral; Raltegravir Potassium; Ritonavir; Viral LoadGastroenterologyCohort StudiesAntiretroviral therapy; Darunavir/ritonavir; Efficacy; NRTI-sparing regimen; Raltegravir; Tolerability0302 clinical medicineMedicineNRTI-sparing regimen030212 general & internal medicineViralDarunavireducation.field_of_studyLamivudineGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedViral LoadTolerabilityAntiretroviral therapyInfectious DiseasesTolerabilityItalyCombinationRNA ViralDrug Therapy CombinationFemaleViral loadmedicine.drugAdultMicrobiology (medical)medicine.medical_specialtyEfficacyAnti-HIV Agents030106 microbiologyPopulationDarunavir/ritonavir; Raltegravir; Efficacy; Tolerability; Antiretroviral therapy; NRTI-sparing regimenSettore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVELower riskNO03 medical and health sciencesDrug TherapyInternal medicineRaltegravir PotassiumHumanseducationDarunavirRitonavirbusiness.industryDarunavir/ritonavirRaltegravirRaltegravirHIV-1RNARitonavirbusinessAntiretroviral therapy; Darunavir/ritonavir; Efficacy; NRTI-sparing regimen; Raltegravir; Tolerability;
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Long-term Immune Response to Hepatitis B Virus Vaccination Regimens in Adults With Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized…

2016

International audience; IMPORTANCE:Data on long-term immune responses to hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in adults with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection are scarce.OBJECTIVE:To compare long-term (up to month 42) immune responses to the standard HBV vaccination regimen with a 4-injection intramuscular double-dose regimen and a 4-injection intradermal low-dose regimen.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:The phase 3, open-label, multicenter parallel-group (1:1:1 allocation ratio) randomized clinical trial was conducted from June 28, 2007, to October 23, 2008, at 33 centers in France. Participants included 437 HBV-seronegative adults with HIV-1 and CD4 cell counts of more than…

0301 basic medicineMaleHIV Infectionsmedicine.disease_causelaw.inventionMESH: HIV-10302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawSingle-Blind Method030212 general & internal medicineMESH: Hepatitis B AntibodiesMESH: Treatment Outcomeeducation.field_of_study[SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologyMESH: Middle AgedVaccinationMESH: Follow-Up StudiesMESH: HIV InfectionsHepatitis BMiddle Aged16. Peace & justiceHepatitis BMESH: Injections Intramuscular3. Good healthVaccinationTreatment OutcomeFemaleFranceIntramuscular injectionAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyHepatitis B vaccineInjections Intradermal030106 microbiologyPopulationInjections Intramuscular03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineInternal MedicinemedicineHumansHepatitis B VaccinesHepatitis B AntibodieseducationHepatitis B virusMESH: Injections IntradermalMESH: Hepatitis B VaccinesMESH: HumansMESH: Hepatitis Bbusiness.industryMESH: AdultMESH: Vaccinationmedicine.diseaseMESH: Single-Blind MethodMESH: MaleSurgeryMESH: FranceRegimenHIV-1MESH: BiomarkersbusinessMESH: FemaleBiomarkers[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologyFollow-Up Studies
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Incidence and risk factors for liver enzyme elevation among naive HIV-1-infected patients receiving ART in the ICONA cohort

2019

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the incidence and risk factors for liver enzyme elevations (LEE) in patients initiating first-line ART in the ICONA prospective observational cohort, between June 2009 and December 2017.Patients and methodsIn total, 6575 ART-naive patients were selected, initiating two NRTIs with the third drug being a boosted PI (n=2436; 37.0%), an NNRTI (n=2384; 36.3%) or an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) (n=1755; 26.7%). HBV surface antigen and HCV RNA were detected in 3.9% and 5.8% of the study population. Inverse probability weighted Cox regression analysis was used to calculate the HRs, according to first-line regimen, for LEE, defined as ALT or AST increases…

0301 basic medicineMaleIntegrase inhibitorHepatitis B Surface AntigenHIV Infections0302 clinical medicineRisk Factorshivh epatitis c rna surface antigens follow-up homosexuality integrase inhibitors hepatitis b virus hepatitis b virus measurement hiv infections hepatotoxicity hepatitis c virus coinfection nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors cox proportional hazards models baseline value liver enzyme raltegravirPharmacology (medical)HIV Infection030212 general & internal medicineProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyCoinfectionIncidence (epidemiology)Liver DiseaseIncidenceLiver Diseasesvirus diseasesHepatitis CMiddle AgedHepatitis CReverse Transcriptase InhibitorInfectious DiseasesCohortCoinfectionPopulation studyRegression AnalysisReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsFemalemedicine.drugHumanMicrobiology (medical)Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyAnti-HIV AgentsRegression AnalysiNO03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicinemedicineHumansHIV Integrase InhibitorsHIV Protease InhibitorPharmacologyHepatitis B Surface Antigensbusiness.industryAnti-HIV AgentHIV ARTHIV Protease Inhibitorsmedicine.diseaseRaltegravir030112 virologyHIV Integrase InhibitorProspective StudieHIV-1businessAdult Anti-HIV Agents Coinfection Female Hepatitis B Surface Antigens Hepatitis C HIV Infections HIV Integrase Inhibitors HIV Protease Inhibitors HIV-1 Humans Incidence Liver Diseases Male Middle Aged Prospective Studies Regression Analysis Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Risk Factors
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Evolution of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance and viral subtypes circulation in Italy from 2006 to 2016

2018

Objectives: The aim was to evaluate the evolution of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance (TDR) prevalence in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve patients from 2006 to 2016. Methods: HIV-1 sequences were retrieved from the Antiviral Response Cohort Analysis (ARCA) database and TDR was defined as detection of at least one mutation from the World Health Organization (WHO) surveillance list. Results: We included protease/reverse transcriptase sequences from 3573 patients; 455 had also integrase sequences. Overall, 68.1% of the patients were Italian, the median CD4 count was 348 cells/μL [interquartile range (IQR) 169–521 cells/μL], and the median viral load was 4.7 log 10 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL (IQR …

0301 basic medicineMaleantiretroviral therapy; HIV; recent HIV infection; resistance epidemiology; transmitted HIV drug resistance; Adult; Anti-HIV Agents; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Female; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Humans; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Mutation; Odds Ratio; Prevalence; Viral Proteins; Drug Resistance Viralantiretroviral therapy; HIV; recent HIV infection; resistance epidemiology; transmitted HIV drug resistance; Health Policy; Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology (medical)Drug ResistanceHIV InfectionsDrug resistanceGastroenterologyInterquartile rangeOdds RatioPrevalenceHIV InfectionPharmacology (medical)ViralbiologyHealth PolicyMiddle AgedIntegraseInfectious DiseasesItalyFemaleViral loadHumanresistance epidemiologyAdultmedicine.medical_specialtytransmitted HIV drug resistanceAnti-HIV AgentsHIV; antiretroviral therapy; recent HIV infection; resistance epidemiology; transmitted HIV drug resistance030106 microbiologyantiretroviral therapySettore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVEVirus03 medical and health sciencesrecent HIV infectionViral ProteinsInternal medicineDrug Resistance ViralmedicineViral ProteinHumansbusiness.industryAnti-HIV AgentHIVOdds ratioReverse transcriptaseConfidence intervalCD4 Lymphocyte CountMutationbiology.proteinHIV-1business
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Evaluation of HIV transmission clusters among natives and foreigners living in Italy

2020

We aimed at evaluating the characteristics of HIV-1 molecular transmission clusters (MTCs) among natives and migrants living in Italy, diagnosed between 1998 and 2018. Phylogenetic analyses were performed on HIV-1 polymerase (pol) sequences to characterise subtypes and identify MTCs, divided into small (SMTCs, 2&ndash

0301 basic medicineMalelcsh:QR1-502SubtypeHIV InfectionsmigrantsBioinformatics; Cluster detection; Drug resistance testing; Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); Migrants; Molecular epidemiology; Phylogenetic analysis; Risk factors; Subtypes; Transmission networks and clusters; Adult; Cohort Studies; Female; Genotype; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Humans; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Sexual and Gender Minorities; pol Gene Products Human Immunodeficiency Virus; Emigrants and Immigrants; Phylogenylcsh:MicrobiologyMen who have sex with menCohort StudiesSexual and Gender Minorities0302 clinical medicineGenotypehuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV); molecular epidemiology; phylogenetic analysis; migrants; cluster detection; transmission networks and clusters; subtypes; drug resistance testing; risk factors; bioinformaticsMedicinerisk factors030212 general & internal medicinepol Gene ProductsHiv transmissionPhylogenySubtypesPhylogenetic analysisTransmission (medicine)subtypesvirus diseasesHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)bioinformaticsMiddle AgedTransmission networks and clustersCluster detectionInfectious DiseasesItalyMolecular epidemiologyCohortFemaleHuman Immunodeficiency VirusCohort studyAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyGenotypeBioinformaticsEmigrants and ImmigrantsMigrantsArticleNO03 medical and health sciencesPhylogenetic analysiVirologyHumansBioinformaticMolecular epidemiologybusiness.industryPublic healthphylogenetic analysisMigrantDrug resistance testingSettore MED/17030104 developmental biologyRisk factorspol Gene Products Human Immunodeficiency Virustransmission networks and clustersTransmission networks and clusters.HIV-1Risk factorbusinessDemography
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Pre-ART HIV-1 DNA in CD4+ T cells correlates with baseline viro-immunological status and outcome in patients under first-line ART

2018

Objectives We evaluated the association between pre-ART HIV DNA and HIV-infected participant characteristics at baseline as well as with their response to first-line ART. Methods Four hundred and thirty-three patients from the ICONA cohort, starting first-line ART after the year 2000, were analysed. Pre-ART HIV DNA was quantified with the modified COBAS TaqMan HIV-1 Test and normalized by CD4+ T cells. Linear correlation between pre-ART HIV DNA and other continuous markers (HIV RNA, CD4 count, markers of inflammation and coagulation) at baseline was evaluated by means of Pearson correlation coefficient and a linear regression model. Survival analyses and Cox regression models were used to s…

0301 basic medicineOncologyCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesMaleHIV InfectionsSettore MED/07chemistry.chemical_compoundHIV InfectionPharmacology (medical)ViralProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyAntiinfective agentAdult; Anti-Retroviral Agents; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; DNA Viral; Female; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Survival Analysis; Treatment Outcome; Viral LoadMiddle AgedViral LoadvirologyHIV CD4Stavudinemedicine.anatomical_structureInfectious DiseasesTreatment Outcomehiv-1 t-lymphocytes virology blood hiv rna hiv dnaAnti-Retroviral AgentsCD4-Positive T-Lymphocyteblood hiv rnaCohorthiv dnaFemaleSurvival AnalysiViral loadARTHumanMicrobiology (medical)Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyAntiretroviral Therapy CD4 Lymphocyte Count StavudineT cellAntiretroviral TherapySettore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVENO03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicinemedicineHumanst-lymphocytesSurvival analysisPharmacologybusiness.industryProportional hazards modelHIVDNASurvival AnalysisCD4 Lymphocyte CountProspective Studie030104 developmental biologychemistryDNA ViralHIV-1Anti-Retroviral AgentbusinessDNA
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Virological response and retention in care according to time of starting ART in Italy: data from the Icona Foundation Study cohort

2020

Abstract Objectives To describe: (i) factors associated with rapid and delayed ART initiation; (ii) rates of 12 week virological response; and (iii) virologically controlled retention in care by 1 year from ART initiation according to timing of start in a real-life setting. Methods All individuals in the Icona cohort diagnosed with HIV in 2016–17 who initiated ART were grouped according to the time between HIV diagnosis and ART initiation: Group 1, ≤7 days; Group 2, 8–14 days; Group 3, 15–30 days; Group 4, 31–120 days; and Group 5, >120 days. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with: (i) the probability of rapid (Group 1) and very delayed…

0301 basic medicinediagnosishivcommunicable diseasesHIV InfectionsLogistic regressionVirological responseCohort Studies0302 clinical medicineRetention in CareMedicinePharmacology (medical)HIV Infection030212 general & internal medicineProspective cohort studycd4 count determination proceduredrugsuppressionViral LoadCD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cohort Studies; Humans; Italy; Viral Load; Anti-HIV Agents; HIV Infections; Retention in CarevirologyInfectious DiseasesItalyblood hiv rnaCohorthiv cd4 count determination procedure communicable diseases incomeitaly diagnosis virology blood hiv rna retention in careincomeitalyViral loadHIV ARTCohort studyHumanMicrobiology (medical)medicine.medical_specialtyAnti-HIV Agentsantiretroviral therapySettore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVENO03 medical and health sciencesHIV viral loadInternal medicineHumansHIV CD4 ARTPharmacologybusiness.industrydouble blindAnti-HIV AgentHIV viral load antiretroviral therapy double blind initiation suppression infectionRetention in care030112 virologyinfectioninitiationCD4 Lymphocyte CountObservational studyCohort Studiebusiness
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Behavioral and clinical characteristics of people receiving medical care for HIV infection in an outpatient facility in Sicily, Italy

2016

Paola Di Carlo,1 Giuliana Guadagnino,1 Palmira Immordino,1 Giovanni Mazzola,2 Pietro Colletti,2 Ilenia Alongi,1 Lucia Adamoli,1 Francesco Vitale,1 Alessandra Casuccio1 1Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care “G D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 2Department of Medicinal Clinics and Emerging Diseases, “Paolo Giaccone” Polyclinic University Hospital, Palermo, Italy Aim: The authors examined a cohort of HIV-positive outpatients at the AIDS Center of Palermo University in Italy in order to identify factors related to the frequency of their visits to the outpatient facility for health care services.Methods: Two hundr…

0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyMultivariate analysisSettore MED/17 - Malattie Infettivehard-to-reach groups030106 microbiologyHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)Medicine (miscellaneous)HIV Outpatient Servicemedicine.disease_causeSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E Applicata03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOutpatient facilityAmbulatory careAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)CD4+ T-cell countHealth careMedicine030212 general & internal medicinePharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous)Access to care; CD4+ T-cell count; Hard-to-reach groups; HIV infection; HIV outpatient service; Resource use; Social Sciences (miscellaneous); Medicine (miscellaneous); Health Policy; Pharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous)Original Researchaccess to carelcsh:R5-920business.industryHealth PolicyUnivariatemedicine.diseaseHIV infectionresource usePatient Preference and AdherenceEmergency medicineCohortbusinesslcsh:Medicine (General)Hard-to-reach groupSocial Sciences (miscellaneous)
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